Oppel, S2013Satellite telemetry of King Eiders from northern Alaska 2002-2009http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/487OBIS-SEAMAP487http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/487OBIS-SEAMAP
King Eiders are large sea ducks that nest in Arctic ecosystems around the world and migrate and winter at sea. Since 2002, the University of Alaska Fairbanks has tracked the migration and movements of King Eiders from breeding grounds in northern Alaska. This dataset includes all the locations provided by satellite-tracked King Eiders between June 2002 and December 2008. King Eiders migrated from breeding grounds in northern Alaska to winter regions in the Bering Sea. Females returned to breeding grounds in Alaska, whereas males dispersed over 50% of the species global range in the summer after capture.
This study examined the migration routes and spatial distribution of King Eiders breeding in northern Alaska throughout the annual cycle. Satellite transmitters provided information on migration timing, migration distances, location of important molt, winter, and staging areas, migratory connectivity between those areas, and estimates of annual survival for adult and juvenile King Eiders.
The authors and field assistants captured adult and juvenile King Eiders with mist nets on breeding grounds in northern Alaska and equipped each bird with an implanted satellite transmitter (PTT 100, Microwave Telemetry Inc.). Satellite transmitters provided locations every 2-7 days for a time period of 10-20 months per individual. We used a filter program (PC-SAS Argos Filter v7.02, David Douglas, USGS Science Center) to remove implausible locations, and retained one location per duty cycle. The filter algorithm flags implausible locations based on two different filtering methods:<br>
1. Minimum Redundant Distance (MRD): a user-defined distance threshold for determining locational redundancy; and<br>
2. Distance, Angle and Rate (DAR): measurements that attempt to identify implausible locations based on the fact that most suspicious ARGOS locations cause an animal to incorrectly move a substantial distance and then return, resulting in a tracking-path that goes 'out-and-back' (and/or further validated by unrealistic movement rates, depending on the temporal frequency of the locations).<br><br>
A hybridization of the MRD and DAR filtered results is used for the data in this dataset. The hybrid was specifically developed for avian tracking that includes relatively high-speed, directional, migratory events. Locations that passed the MRD filter are retained as ‘anchor points,’ then chronologically intervening DAR locations are evaluated to determine if they adhere to directional movement when compared to the vector formed by their preceding and subsequent MRD anchor locations.
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2002-06-122008-12-31
ground condition
None planned
The birds in this study were captured on the Arctic coastal plain of Alaska (USA), at three sites between Barrow, AK, and Prudhoe Bay, Ak.
Study site "Olak" was near Teshekpuk Lake, approximately 30 km south of the coast of the Beaufort Sea (70° 26' N, 153° 08' W). This site was undeveloped and all work was carried out on foot.
Study site "Trap Lake" was 20 km east of "Olak", and was used in August 2007 and 2008 to capture juvenile and adult female King Eiders. It is a single large brood-rearing lake.
Study site "Kuparuk" was within an active oilfield (Kuparuk), 10 km south of the coast of the Beaufort Sea (70°20' N, 149°45' W).
Birds captured at all three locations migrated through the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas to winter in the Bering Sea. Adult males dispersed in the summer one year after capture to breeding locations ranging from Taymyr Peninsula to the central Canadian Arctic.
97.93
252.302
76.168
50.637
97.93252.30276.16850.637
PlatformRadio transmittersAnimal movementsUser definedKing Eidermigratory connectivitybird migrationUser definedAlaskaSiberiaarctic tundraPrudhoe BayBeaufort SeaChukchi SeaBering SeaArctic OceanVictoria IslandBanks IslandTaymyr Peninsula
Integrated Taxonomic Information SystemIntegrated Taxonomic Information Systemhttp://www.itis.usda.gov/Downloaded April, 2004Refer to the contact information of the dataset
Open public unless otherwise noted. See Use Constraints for details.
1. Not to use data obtained from OBIS-SEAMAP in any publication, product, or commercial application without proper attribution to the original data provider(s) and OBIS-SEAMAP unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Citations or credits are suggested as attribution. If the data you downloaded come from multiple datasets, a citation or credit to each of the datasets is required.
Suggested citation for this dataset
Oppel, S. 2013. Satellite telemetry of King Eiders from northern Alaska 2002-2009. Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/487) on yyyy-mm-dd.
Suggested citation for OBIS-SEAMAP:
Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions. Oceanography 22(2):104-115
2. To forward the citation of any publication / report that made use of the data / tools provided by OBIS-SEAMAP for inclusion in our list of references.
3. Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets.
4. The burden for determining fitness for use of the downloaded data for any analyses lies entirely with the user. OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers do not support outcomes of your analyses that used the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP.
5. To consider inclusion of the accompanying transect (effort) dataset if available into the methodology of your analyses.
6. Not to redistribute the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP through any media without contect from OBIS-SEAMAP and the original data providers unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy.
Steffen Oppel
Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks
mailing and physical address
211 Irving 1 University of Alaska Fairbanks
211 Irving 1
University of Alaska Fairbanks
Fairbanks
AK
99775-6100
USA
907-474-6051
steffen.oppel@gmail.com
U.S. Geological Survey Outer Continental Shelf Program<br>
U.S. Minerals Management Service<br>
U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit<br>
North Slope Borough<br>
ConocoPhillips Alaska<br>
Sea Duck Joint Venture<br>
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service<br>
German Academic Exchange Service
Satellite telemetry data were processed by Service Argos, and filtered using the Douglas Argos-Filter Algorithm. We set the algorithm parameters to the following values:
%let minoffh = 36 ;
%let maxredun = 5 ;
%let minrate = 60 ;
%let ratecoef = 15 ;
%let gmtoffst = 0. ;
%let latmin = -90. ;
%let latmax = 90. ;
%let lonmin = -180. ;
%let lonmax = 180. ;
%let r_only = 0 ;
%let r_or_a = 1 ;
%let keep_lc = 1 ;
%let rankmeth = 2 ;
%let keeplast = 0 ;
%let pickday = 0 ;
%let skiploc = 0 ;
%let xmigrate = 20 ;
%let xoverrun = 1.5 ;
%let xdirect = 20 ;
%let xangle = 150 ;
%let xpercent = 80 ;
%let testp_0a = 2 ;
%let testp_bz = 3 ;
%let crossval = 0 ;
%let unixdata = 0 ;
We used the pkbr60d5lc1.txt output that filtered the best location per duty cycle. Those locations are contained in the database described by the metadata here.
http://alaska.usgs.gov/science/biology/spatial/douglas.html
PURPOSE:
Ingests any number of Argos DIAG files and reformats all information into ASCII comma-delimited files. Chooses the most plausible location between the ARGOS primary and alternate locations based on minimum distance from the previous chosen location. Flags implausible locations based on two different filtering methods:
1. Minimum Redundant Distance (MRD): a user-defined distance threshold for determining locational redundancy;
2. Distance, Angle and Rate (DAR): measurements that attempt to identify implausible locations based on the fact that most suspicious ARGOS locations cause an animal to incorrectly move a substantial distance and then return, resulting in a tracking-path that goes 'out-and-back' (and/or further validated by unrealistic movement rates, depending on the temporal frequency of the locations);
A hybridization of the MRD and DAR filtered results is also created. The hybrid was specifically developed for avian tracking that includes relatively high-speed, directional, migratory events. Locations that passed the MRD filter are retained as ‘anchor points’, then chronologically intervening DAR locations are evaluated to determine if they adhere to directional movement when compared to the vector formed by their preceding and subsequent MRD anchor locations.
REQUIREMENTS:
A) PC BASE SAS – Version 7 or later.
This SAS program requires PC SAS because it uses DOS commands to concatenate all your individual ARGOS DIAG files into a single file before ingestion. This concatenated file will be written into the same directory where your SAS program files reside, and will be named 'total.dia'. It can be considered a temporary file, which you may delete after the SAS program executes.
B) All your Argos ASCII-format DIAG data files in ONE directory. The SAS program has been written to accept DIAG files from CD-ROM, Telnet, and/or ADS (e-mail), in both compressed and uncompressed formats.
C) You must create an ASCII text-file that defines each of your ptt deployments. This file is comprised of IF-THEN-DO logic blocks relating each ptt-number to the respective animal upon which the ptt was deployed, and during what time interval.
D) You must modify the SAS program 'generic_run702.sas' to supply several user-defined thresholds that establish minimum distances, maximum rate of movement, etc., which largely dictate how conservative or liberal the filtering will be implemented. You must also define several directory pathnames (specific to your computer) that define where your input data are stored, the name and location of your deployment definition file, and the directories where results will be written.
CAUTIONS:
If this program filters a location, it does not necessarily mean that the location was incorrect. Conversely, and more importantly, if this program does not filter a location, it does not necessarily mean the animal visited that precise location.
The underlying premise for the MRD filtering logic is: 'Argos does not make a significant error in the same place twice, consecutively.' In reality, bad Argos locations sometimes do occur at the same locale, consecutively, but with a low probability of occurrence. In about 2000 control relocations, I witnessed 3 consecutive pairs of locations that would have passed typical MRD threshold criteria. So, if you encounter suspicious results from this program – then question those results.
This program will quickly (and systematically) get about 95+% of your Argos data “cleaned-up” to your satisfaction, but you should definitely invest some QC time reviewing the results and getting any last anomalies taken care of before you make and publish biological interpretations.
You control how conservatively the filters behave through user-defined thresholds. How conservative (or liberal) the program is allowed to behave should be commensurate with the study's spatial scale-of-interpretation.
This program does not correct the inherent locational error of any single Argos location. The program strives to reduce the average error among all locations that pass the filtering criteria.
David C. Douglas
USGS Alaska Science Center
David C. Douglas
david_douglas@usgs.gov
David C. Douglas
Unknown
The Douglas Argos-Filter Algorithm
v.7.02
model
http://alaska.usgs.gov/science/biology/spatial/douglas.html
ShapefileS. Oppel and A.N. Powell2009Satellite telemetry of King Eiders in the western Arctichttp://mercury.bio.uaf.edu/kingeideronline datasetOppel, S., A.N. Powell, and D.L. Dickson2008Timing and distance of King Eider migration and winter movementshttp://mercury.bio.uaf.edu/%7Esteffen_oppel/kingeider/Oppel_Condor_2008.pdfCondor110: 296-305Phillips, L. M., A.N. Powell, and E.A. Rexstad2006Large-scale movements and habitat characteristics of King Eiders throughout the nonbreeding periodhttp://mercury.bio.uaf.edu/~steffen_oppel/kingeider/Phillips_etal_2006.pdfCondor108: 887-900Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach2009OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributionsOceanography22(2):104-115http://www.tos.org/oceanography/article/obis-seamap-the-world-data-center-for-marine-mammal-sea-bird-and-sea-turtle
The accuracy of satellite telemetry locations is assessed via the Argos System. The location accuracy category of each location is listed with the data.
Satellite transmitters depend on satellites being in the overhead viewing range for transmission. During some transmission cycles it is possible that either no satellites are within immediate range, that cloud cover prevents communication between transmitter and satellite, or that insufficient satellites can be received. This leads to inaccurate locations which will be excluded by the filter algorithm if they are implausible. The dataset contains temporal data gaps for some individuals ranging from 6 days to 2 months during which no reliable locations were recorded.
No process steps have been described for this data set
Unknown
GCS_WGS_1984Decimal degrees0.0001670.000167D_WGS_1984WGS_19846378137.000000298.257224
best_locations
Table that includes all selected locations (best per dutycycle) for all King Eiders tracked with satellite transmitters
Service Argos
species
Species name recorded by provider
Service Argos
ptt
serial identification number of platform transmitting terminal (PTT)
self-assigned
sex
sex of the bird, f=female, m=male
Service Argos
age
age of the bird: ad=adult, juv=bird marked in hatch-year as young duckling, (adult if unspecified)
Service Argos
latitude
latitude
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
longitude
longitude
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
lc94
Location quality provided by ARGOS
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
obs_date
Date
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
20020603
2008
20081231
obs_time
Time. Seconds are not provided.
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
20020603
20081231
sp_tsn
Taxonomic Serial Number by Integrated Taxonomic Information System
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
obs_count
always 1. Added by OBIS-SEAMAP.
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
oid
Unique ID number (generated by SEAMAP)
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
deployed
Character date of deployment
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
20020603
20080824
deplylat
deplylat
GPS
deplylon
User declared deployment longitude
GPS
distance
Great-circle distance (km) from previous location
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
dist2dply
Great-circle distance (km) from deployment location
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
dur
Duration (sec) between first and last message (DIAG)
Service Argos
duty
Unique number for all records within a duty cycle
Service Argos
dutylocs
Total number of passes/locations within duty cycle
Service Argos
first
1/0 flag for first data record for a given animal
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
gmt_date
GMT date appearing in the raw Argos data (DIAG)
Service Argos
gmt_hour
GMT hour appearing in the raw Argos data (DIAG)
Service Argos
gmt_min
GMT minute appearing in the raw Argos data (DIAG)
Service Argos
gmt_sec
GMT second appearing in the raw Argos data (DIAG)
Service Argos
gt120
N messages with signal strength <120dB (DIAG)
Service Argos
hour
Hour of overpass/location (GMT + (GMTOFFSET))
Service Argos
iqx
iqx value
Service Argos
iqy
IQY value (DIAG)
Service Argos
jd
Julian day YYDDD (GMT + (GMTOFFSET))
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
jday
Julian day DDD (GMT + (GMTOFFSET))
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
latitude
Choosen lat (1° vs 2°) based on minimum distance
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
lat_a
Alternate latitude (DIAG)
Service Argos
lat_p
Primary latitude (DIAG)
Service Argos
latest
1/0 flag for most recent data record for an animal
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
line
Unique LINE-Identifier (ANIMAL-ID||MMDDYYYY||:||HHMMSS||Z99)
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
longitud
Choosen lon (1° vs 2°) based on minimum distance
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
-100
180
degrees longitude E
lon_a
Alternate longitude (DIAG)
Service Argos
-100
180
degrees longitude E
lon_p
Primary longitude (DIAG)
Service Argos
-100
180
degrees longitude E
minute
Minute of overpass/location (GMT) (DIAG)
Service Argos
mmdd
MONTH_DAY character string
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
month
Month of overpass/location (GMT + (GMTOFFSET)) (DIAG)
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
nlocrank
Weighting for best LC94 within duty cycle
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
nmess
Number of messages received during overpass (DIAG)
Service Argos
nopc
Number of plausibility checks passed (DIAG)
Service Argos
pick
1/0 flag denoting best LC94 within duty cycle
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
Ptt
seriel identification number of platform transmitting terminal (PTT)
Service Argos
rate
Rate of movement (km/hr) from previous loc
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
0
120
km/hr
sampsize
Total number of records for respective animal
Service Argos
second
Second of overpass/location (GMT) (DIAG)
Service Argos
sen1
First sensor entry from first line of data (DIAG). sensor1=temperature. Converted into deg C by y =0.3609x - 28.682 , where y is temperature in degrees C and x is the sensor value.
Service Argos
sen2
Second sensor entry from first line of data (DIAG). Sensor2=battery voltage. Converted into V by y = 0.0041739x + 2.9767, where y is voltage and x is the sensor value.
Service Argos
sen3
Third sensor entry from first line of data (DIAG). This sensor has no meaning.
Service Argos
sen4
Fourth sensor entry from first line of data (DIAG). This sensor has no meaning.
Service Argos
switch
Location Choice: 0=primary 1=alternate 3=primary 4=alternate
Service Argos
weeddist
1/0 flag 1= reject based on minimum redundancy MRD
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
weedrate
1/0 flag 1= reject based on distance-angle-rate DAR
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
weedboth
1/0 flag 1= reject amending DAR loc with MRD anchors
Douglas Argos-Filter algorithm
year
Year of overpass/location (GMT + (GMTOFFSET)) (DIAG)
Service Argos
2002
2009
sex
sex of the bird, f=female, m=male
user determined
age
age of the bird: ad=adult, juv=bird marked in hatch-year as young duckling, (adult if unspecified)
user determined
weight
mass of the bird
determined at capture
site
capture site, kup=Kuparuk Oilfield, tes= Teshekpuk Lake, TLake=Trap Lake southeast of Teshekpuk Lake
user determined
sex
sex of the bird
defined by cloacal inversion or plumage
f
female
m
male
unk
unknown sex for hatch year birds
age
age of the bird in two categories, adult or hatch year
defined by plumage
hy
hatch year
ad
adult (after second-year)
Locations of King Eiders equipped with a satellite transmitter between 2002-2009.
University of Alaska Fairbanks and U. S. Geological Survey
OBIS-SEAMAPNicholas School of Environment, Duke Univ.mailing and physical addressA328, LSRCDurhamNC27708USA919-613-8021seamap-contact@duke.edu
King Eider egg isotope data set
Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets.
Also please refer to Use Constraints.
Must be able to open Microsoft Excel 2003 file.
FreeGo to the OBIS-SEAMAP web sitezipzipped shapefilehttp://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/487
2009-02-12
Ei FujiokaDuke Universitymailing and physical addressLSRC A328DurhamNCUSA27708efujioka@duke.edu919-613-8021
FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001.1-1999
http://www.nbii.gov/Biological Data Profile2012-03-28