Ford, G. and J. Casey2013https://doi.org/10.82144/330fc68dOBIS-SEAMAP51http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/51OBIS-SEAMAPVersion 1.0.0 This dataset is from the marine mammal and seabird surveys of the southern California Bight studies: Southern California Bight low aerial [Mammals] study code: SM, Contract number: AA550-CT7-36, Principal investigators: K. S. Norris and B. J. Le Boeuf, University of California, Santa Cruz, and G. L. Hunt, University of California, Irvine. Time period: May 1975 through March 1978 Study area: The Southern California Bight, from Point Conception to the United States-Mexico boundary and offshore to the 2,000 m isobath. Methodology: Aerial and ship surveys were conducted along pre-established transects designed to systematically sample marine mammal and seabird abundance in all waters of the study area. Aerial surveys were conducted at two altitudes (200 ft and about 750-1,000 ft ASL) alternating at 2-3 week intervals. Seabirds and pinnipeds were recorded only on the low-altitude surveys which predominantly sampled along eight lines of latitude, separated by 25 nm, and connecting lines of longitude. High-altitude surveys sampled cetacean abundance along 15 Loran lines oriented northeast-southwest and separated by 12-15 nm. On low-altitude surveys, seabirds were counted only within a 50 m corridor on the shaded side of the aircraft. Marine mammals were counted in an unbounded corridor on one side of the aircraft on low-altitude surveys and both sides of the aircraft on high-altitude surveys. A clinometer or marks on the wing-strut were used to estimate the declination, and the measurement or estimate later used to calculate probability density functions of frequency with right-angle distance. Ships were used for surveys of inshore waters along standard (i.e., predetermined and replicate) transects and for search, catch, and tagging/tracking of small cetaceans. The standard ship transect cruises sampled abundance of seabirds and marine mammals over banks, basins, and ridges in waters inshore of the Patton Escarpment (the shelf break). Seabirds and marine mammals were counted on both sides of the cruise track and distance estimated or measured with a range-finder. Catch cruises attempted to find and remain with schools of common dolphin and other small cetaceans; therefore, data on sightings from these cruises cannot be used as samples of animal abundance. The Southern California Bight Study also included ground and aerial censuses of pinniped and seabird colonies, and special studies of productivity, mortality rates, and foraging range. Databases produced: 1) sightings of seabirds and marine mammals on 24 low-altitude aerial surveys, 2) sightings of cetaceans on 35 high-altitude aerial surveys, 3) sightings of seabirds and marine mammals on 29 ship transect surveys, and 4) sightings of cetaceans on 34 catch cruises. Included in this database are the following: High Altitude Mammal Observations: 75,489 km of effort, 695 sightings of 68,557 individual animals Low Altitude Mammal Observations: 37,843 km of effort, 1,320 sightings of 15,070 individual animals Low Altitude Bird Observations: 35,445 km of effort, 7,950 sightings of 63,359 individual animals Ship Observations: 17,903 km of effort, 23,519 sightings of 181,287 individual animalsObjectives of the study were to characterize the marine mammal and seabird fauna of the Southern California Bight, estimate abundance of species, describe the distribution, determine the timing and routes of migrations and movements, and document seasonal changes in numbers or patterns of habitat-use. In addition, studies were conducted to determine the size and status of breeding colonies of seabirds and pinnipeds, their productivity, and trends in growth.This dataset includes Low Altitude Mammal Observations (37,843 km of effort, 1,320 sightings of 15,070 individual animals) from the database described in the abstract. Low Altitude Bird Observations are available in <a href='seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/48'>MMS Low Altitude Survey for Seabirds, Southern California Bight 1975-1978</a>1975051619780318ground conditionCompleteNone plannedNortheastern Pacific Ocean-121.0083-117.283334.466732.2 NoneMarine Animal SurveyMarine BiologyMarine mammalsSea turtlesVesselVisual SightingNoneNortheastern Pacific OceanTaxon coveredMarine mammals, seabirds, sea turtlesIntegrated Taxonomic Information SystemUnknownNot applicableDownloaded April, 2004http://www.itis.usda.gov/Refer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetmailing and physical address

Refer to the contact information of the dataset

Refer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetRefer to the contact information of the datasetNot providedIdentified by observers or researchers conducting the surveyKingdomAnimaliaPhylumChordataSubphylumVertebrataClassMammaliaSubclassTheriaInfraclassEutheriaOrderCetaceaSuborderMysticetiFamilyBalaenopteridaeGenusBalaenopteraSpeciesBalaenoptera acutorostrataSpeciesBalaenoptera musculusSpeciesBalaenoptera physalusGenusMegapteraSpeciesMegaptera novaeangliaeFamilyEschrichtiidaeGenusEschrichtiusSpeciesEschrichtius robustusSuborderOdontocetiFamilyHyperoodontidaeGenusBerardiusSpeciesBerardius bairdiiGenusMesoplodonGenusZiphiusSpeciesZiphius cavirostrisFamilyDelphinidaeGenusDelphinusSpeciesDelphinus delphisGenusGlobicephalaSpeciesGlobicephala melasGenusGrampusSpeciesGrampus griseusGenusLagenorhynchusSpeciesLagenorhynchus obliquidensGenusLissodelphisSpeciesLissodelphis borealisGenusTursiopsSpeciesTursiops truncatusSubspeciesTursiops truncatus truncatusFamilyPhocoenidaeGenusPhocoenoidesSpeciesPhocoenoides dalliOrderCarnivoraSuborderCaniformiaFamilyOtariidaeGenusCallorhinusSpeciesCallorhinus ursinusGenusEumetopiasSpeciesEumetopias jubatusGenusZalophusSpeciesZalophus californianusFamilyPhocidaeGenusMiroungaSpeciesMirounga angustirostrisGenusPhocaSpeciesPhoca vitulina Open public unless otherwise noted. See Use Constraints for details.1. Not to use data obtained from OBIS-SEAMAP in any publication, product, or commercial application without proper attribution to the original data provider(s) and OBIS-SEAMAP unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Citations or credits are suggested as attribution. If the data you downloaded come from multiple datasets, a citation or credit to each of the datasets is required. Suggested citation for this dataset Ford, G. and J. Casey. 2013. MMS Low Altitude Survey for Mammals, Southern California Bight 1975-1978. Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/51) on yyyy-mm-dd. Suggested citation for OBIS-SEAMAP: Halpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach. 2009. OBIS-SEAMAP: The world data center for marine mammal, sea bird, and sea turtle distributions. Oceanography 22(2):104-115 2. To forward the citation of any publication / report that made use of the data / tools provided by OBIS-SEAMAP for inclusion in our list of references. 3. Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. 4. The burden for determining fitness for use of the downloaded data for any analyses lies entirely with the user. OBIS-SEAMAP or the original data providers do not support outcomes of your analyses that used the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP. 5. To consider inclusion of the accompanying transect (effort) dataset if available into the methodology of your analyses. 6. Not to redistribute the data you downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP through any media without contect from OBIS-SEAMAP and the original data providers unless the datasets are explicitly shown under the CC0 policy. Glenn Ford; Janet Caseyn/a; n/a mailing and physical address

2735 N.E. Weidler Street; n/a

Portland; n/aOR; n/a97232; n/aUSA; n/a +1 (503) 287-5173; n/aeci@teleport.com; n/a Minerals Management Service Relational database Bonnell, M.L., B.J. Le Boeuf, M.O. Pierson, D.H. Dettman and G.D. Farrens1981National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VirginiaNTIS # PB-81-248-171. 535 ppBriggs, K.T., E.W. Chu, D.B. Lewis, W.B. Tyler, R.L. Pitman and G.L. Hunt1981National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VirginiaNTIS # PB-81-248-197. 470 ppDohl, T.P., K.S. Norris, R.C. Guess, J.D. Bryant and M.W. Honig1981National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VirginiaNTIS # PB81248189. 414 ppHalpin, P.N., A.J. Read, E. Fujioka, B.D. Best, B. Donnelly, L.J. Hazen, C. Kot, K. Urian, E. LaBrecque, A. Dimatteo, J. Cleary, C. Good, L.B. Crowder, and K.D. Hyrenbach2009Oceanography22(2):104-115http://www.tos.org/oceanography/article/obis-seamap-the-world-data-center-for-marine-mammal-sea-bird-and-sea-turtle Permissible values for date and time and coordinates were validated by the data provider and the OBIS-SEAMAP data manager. Species identification by the data provider was matched with Integrated Taxonomic Information System.All observation records are included.Data were put through the OBIS-SEAMAP data registration steps.20131125All attributes were measured and recorded during the survey and validated by the data provider.Point 0.00010.0001Decimal degrees D_WGS_1984WGS_1984 6378137.000000298.257224 Biogeographic dataBiogeographic dataNot applicableidIDData provider7372378802studyStudy codeData providerStudy codeData providerplatformPlatform codeData providerPlatform codeData provideron_On (Y) or off (N) effortData providerOn (Y) or off (N) effortData providereffdateeffort dateData provider1975051719780317date_0Date in original formatData provider1975051619780318dateDate of the observationData provider10/23/19759/28/1976time_0Time in original formatData provider01timeTime of the observationData provider10:00:00 AM3:55:00 PMspeciesSpecies nameData providerSpecies namespecies_codeSpecies codeData providerSpecies codeData providernumberGroup sizeData provider11000latLatitude in decimal degreesData provider32.234.4667lonLongitude in decimal degreesData provider-121.0083-117.2833widthWidth of the transectData provider0.1090.109newbornsNumber of calvesData provider090malesNumber of malesData providerNumber of malesfemalesNumber of femalesData providerNumber of femalesageAgeData providerAgesexSexData providerSexplumagePlumageData providerPlumageassocAssociationData providerAssociationdirectionDirectionData providerDirectiongroup_Group sizeData providerGroup sizebehaviorBehavior codeData providerBehavior codeData provideraltitudeAltitude in feetData provider02500declineDeclineData providerDeclinedistanceDistanceData providerDistanceperpdistPerpendicular distanceData providerPerpendicular distancereldirdefinition not providedData providerdefinition not provideddistcodedefinition not providedData providerdefinition not providedcommentCommentsData providerCommentsweatherWeather codeData providerWeather codeData providercloudsCloud codeData providerCloud codeData providerwindWindData providerWindseastatusSea statusData providerSea statusglaredirGlare directionData providerGlare directionglareGlareData providerGlareData providerseatempSea temperature (-99: not available)Data provider-99-99recordRecord No.Data provider7372378802geomGeometry field added by OBIS-SEAMAPData providerGeometry field added by OBIS-SEAMAPoidUnique ID number (generated by OBIS-SEAMAP)Data providerUnique ID number (generated by OBIS-SEAMAP)This section explains attributes included in the original dataset. OBIS-SEAMAP restricts the attributes available to the public to date/time, lat/lon and species names/counts only. Should you need other attributes described here, you are encouraged to contact the data provider.Minerals Management Service Nicholas School of Environment, Duke Univ. OBIS-SEAMAP mailing and physical address

A328, LSRC

DurhamNC27708USA 919-613-8021 seamap-contact@duke.edu OBIS-SEAMAP Dataset ID 51Not to hold OBIS-SEAMAP liable for errors in the data. While we have made every effort to ensure the quality of the database, we cannot guarantee the accuracy of these datasets. Also please refer to Use Constraints. CSV and ESRI shapefile OBIS-SEAMAP Free Go to the OBIS-SEAMAP web site. 20141208 Ei Fujioka Duke Universitymailing and physical address

A328 LSRC, Box 90328

DurhamNC27708USA 919-613-8021 efujioka@duke.edu FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial MetadataFGDC-STD-001-1998local time http://www.nbii.gov/Biological Data Profile 20141208